bajba



.l. J. BAJDA.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25. 1918.

1,3]. 7,262., Patented Sept. 30,1919.

W/TA/ES ATTORNEYS Flushing, Inn

rrnn srATEs Parana enrich.

CONDENSER Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 36 19143).

Application filed June 25, 1918. Serial No. 241,729.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, JAMES J. BAJDA, a citizen of the United States,residing at Island, count of Queens, and State of w York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Condensers, of which thefollowing is a specification. v

The invention relates to a condenser of general application andspecifically relates to a glass reflux condenser which can be se curedby means of an air-tight connection with the supporting receiver.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simple andinexpensive form of condenser which will quickly and economicallycondense the hot vapors received therein and with the least possibledestructive action upon the condenser when made of frangible material.

Tn devices of this character it is usual to admit the hot gases at therelatively cold portion of the cooling chamber and to allow thecondensed liquid to collect in the inner tube until overbalancingpressures therein cause the liquid to spurt back into the receiver. ThisSpurting of relatively cool liquid against the hot; sides of thecondenser tends to rupture the same especially where these devices weremade of glass or similar frangible material.

The invention contemplates a construction which contains an adapterdesigned to be inserted in the stopper of the receiver and so designedthat the hot gases from the receiver are conducted from the adapterexteriorly of the cooling chamber and into an inner condensing tube atthe relatively hot portion of the cooling chamber. The invention alsocontemplates the installation of a liquid trap between the condensingtube and the receiver which trap is open to the external air pressurethrough a feed tube shut off from the receiver by means of the trap.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be in partobvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawings and in part willbe more fully set forth in the following particular description of oneform of mechanism embodying my invention, and the invention alsoconsists in certain new and novel features of construction andcombination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawing:

The figure is a view in vertical section of the upper portion of areceiver, showing a preferred embodiment of theinvention attachedthereto and with the cooling chamberand adapter shown in section axiallythereof.

In the drawings, there is shown the upper portion 10 of a receiver whichmay be the usual boiling flask employed in laboratory condensingoperations. The receiver is fitted with a stopper 11 in which issupported the condenser constituting the subject-matter of thisinvention.

The condensed includes a relatively large jacket 12, the lower portionof which is reduced to form a tubular adapter 13 fitted within thestopper 11. The jacket has a closed upper end 14 and the adapter isconstricted at the junction of the jacket therewith by means of an innertube centering ring 15 for a purpose hereinafter described. This ringdefines the lower end of a water cooling chamber 16 positioned above theadapter 13. The cooling chamber is provided with a cold water intakenipple 17 and a warmed water discharging nipple 18 as is usual indevices of this character.

The condenser is provided with an inner tube 19, the upper portion ofwhich constitutes a bifurcated Y-tube 20. One arm of this Y-tube leadsupwardly and axially through the cooling chamber and through the upperend 14: to form a feed tube 21. The upper end of this feed tube isenlarged to form a funnel 22 by means of which liquid may be introducedthrough the condenser and into the receiver 10. The other bifurcation ofthe Y-tube constitutes a condenser tube and in the illustrated device isin the form of a coil 23, the upper end of which leads out through thetop 14% of the cooling chamber. This upper end of the coil is connectedto the tubular adapter 13 by means of a bypass pipe 24 positionedexteriorly of the cooling chamber and coacting with the adapter toconstitute a hot gas conduit from the receiver 10 to the upper orrelatively hot end of the coil 23. The stem of the Y-tube is bent backtwice upon itself to form an 8-shaped liquid trap 25. The discharge endof the trap leads throughthe centering ring 15 and through the adapter13 to constitute a drip tube 26 adapted to lead the condensates from thetrap through the adapter and stopper 11 back into the receiver 10.

In operation and assuming that cold water is passing through the coolingchamber as indicated by the arrows, it will be understood that the lowerportion of the cooling chamber is at lower temperatures than I the upperportion. The gases generated in the receiver pass through the gasconduit formed by the adapt-er 13 and bypass 24 and are led therefrominto the upper end of the condenser tube or coil. The vapors arecondensed in the coil and the condensates flow into the trap 25eventually filling the U of the trap as indicated in the drawings. Anyhigh gas pressure in the gas conduit will merely have a tendency todisturb the balanced relation of the condensed liquid in the trap butthis trap will at all times shut off the outside air from the receiver,for atmospheric pressure will be maintained on the trap through the openfeed tube 21.

This feed tube may also be utilized to replenish the liquid in thereceiver and facilitates a quiet flow of liquid from the trap into thereceiver.

By means of a device of this character there is provided a compactarrangement which can be supported on a receiver. The gases receive aninitial air cooling before they are passed into the liquid cooled coil,thus attaining an accelerated cooling action while economizing in theuse of water, ice or other refrigerant passed through the cool.- ingchamber. As the hot gases are introduced at the top of the coolingchamber the COOliJlg of the condensates is gradual and suddentemperature changes are minimized.

The device lends itself readily to glass blowing operations so that itcan be formed conveniently and economically. While I have shown anddescribed, and have pointed out in the annexed claims, certain novelfeatures of my invention, it will be understood that various omissions,substitutions and changes in the form and details of the deviceillustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the artwithout departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I

, chamber, the stem portion of the Y-tube being bent back twice uponitself to form an S-trap, one arm of said Y-tube being in the form of acoil having an intake end adjacent the upper end of the cooling chamberand the other arm opening through the top of the cooling chamber to passliquid into the trap.

2. A reflux condenser including an upstanding jacket forming a coolingchamber and having its lower end reduced to form a tubular adapter, agas conduit for placing said tubular adapter in fluid communication withthe upper end of the cooling chamber, a cooling coil positioned in saidchamber with the upper end of the coil open to the discharge end of theconduit and a. trap having its intake end open to the lower end of thecoil and having its discharge end extending through the tubular adapter.

3. A reflux condenser including an upstanding jacket forming a coolingchamber and having its lower end reduced to form a tubular adapter, agas conduit for placing said tubular adapter in fluid communication withthe upper portion of the cooling chamber, a cooling coil positioned insaid chamber with the upper end of the coil open to the discharge end ofthe conduit and a trap having its intake end open to the lower end ofthe coil and having its discharge end extending through the tubularadapter and a feed tube for supplying the trap from the exterior of thecooling chamber.

4. In a condenser, the combination with a gas circuit comprising inorder, a hot-gasreceiving conduit, a cooling coil, a trap and a returndrip tube, of a cooling chamber limited to inclose the coil and trap andmeans providing access to the trap to fill the same from the outside ofthe cooling chamber.

5. In a reflux condenser, the combination of a cooling chamber, acondenser tube p0si tioned in said chamber, a trap at the dischargingend of said condenser tube, a re turn drip tube leading from said trapand a tube providing access to the receiving end of the trap wherebyfluids may be introduced into the return drip tube through the trap.

6. In a condenser provided with an adapter of relatively smallcross-section adapted to fit in a flask and a cooling chamber above theadapter "and of relatively large cross-section, means for introducingcool water to the cooling chamber, a condenser tube in the coolingchamber, a hot gas conduit positioned exteriorly of the cooling chamberleading from the adapter and discharging through the upper portion ofthe cooling chamber into the upper portion of the condenser tube.

7. In a condenser, the combination with an adapter and a cooling chamberpositioned above the same, of a. bifurcated tube in said chamber andhaving a discharge end leading through said adapter, one of saidbifurcations opened to the outside of the cooling chamber to constitutea feed tube and the other bifurcation constituting a condenser tubehaving its intake end adjacent the upnamesabifurcations opened to theoutside of the cooling chamber to constitute a feed tube and the otherbifurcation constituting a condenser tube having its intake end adjacentthe upper portion of the cooling chamber and a liquid trap positionedbetween the condenser tube and the adapter.

9. In a condenser, the combination with an adapter, a cooling chamberpositioned above the same, of a bifurcated tube in said chamber, havinga discharge end leading through said adapter, one of said bifurcationsopened to the outside of. the cooling chamber to constitute a feed tubeand the other bifurcation constitutin a condenser tube having its intakeend ad acent the upper portion of thecooling chamber, a liquid trappositioned between the condenser and the adapter and an air cooledby-pass pipe leading to the intake end of the condenser tube. V

10. In a device of the class described, the combination of two spacedapart tubular members, one of said members constituting a'coolingchamber provided with a tubular extension designed to constitute anadapter, a cooling tube mounted in said cooling chamber and in fluidcommunication with the other tubular member, said tubular-extensionconstituting a means for supplying hot gases to said other tubularmember and means for conducting condensates from said cooling tubethrough said tubular extension.

11. In a device of the class described, a

"tubular insert including a cooling coil, a

liquid receiving trap at the lower end of said coil, a drip tube leadingfrom the discharge end of said trap, and a feed tube leading to theintake end of said trap.

Signed at Ridgefield Park, in the county of Bergen and State of NewJersey, this 22d day of June, A. D. 1918.

JAMES J. BAJD a.

